Link to various screenshots as proofs of some of the above issues (Specified issues are in the names of the screenshots): https://1drv.ms/u/s!ArpdLoT51HsugeUYdg-Vx7vB0t777A?e=afzo76
I have had the issue occur without anyone having the Beacon of Kahless activated (no Klingon NPC ships present any time after the blinding light goes away)
The Depth of Field bug is still present. If Depth of Field is turned off then no special effects (weapons, warp and impulse trails, transporters, anomalies, water, console displays) render at all.
The problem only occurs when any weapon firing mode (Fire at Will, Overload, Surgical Strikes, Rapid Fire, Scatter Volley, High Yield, Spread, Transport Warhead, Singularity Overcharge, Subsystem Targeting) and disables a random number of the relevant weapons, whether they fired during the firing mode's duration or not.…
I just did a reset of my graphics settings to see if one of them was the issue, and it turns out that somehow Depth of Field is mandatory for visual effects to render.
It is entirely Rock and Roll. There are identical issues with any ship that has a separation animation, such as the Galaxy-class', Prometheus-class' and the Odyssey-class' variants.