The stern of most combat sea vessels is more vulnerable to attack than the bow, and while the front end of top of the line tanks are nearly impenetrable except by highly specialized weapons, the tops and backs are frequently vulnerable to light rockets.
In both cases, one side is full of components that can't be fully enclosed (propellers, exhaust, access hatches, etc) and one is meant to be pointed at the enemy and is just guns and armor. There are variations, as well - WWII era battleships were more vulnerable on the bow than the sides, but every machine has weak points, and in a game, they're usually given the same blanket weak point for mechanical clarity and ease of balance.
A 360 shield made of energy is not a machine thus this dose not apply. If the ships shields were down then yes, up no
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A 360 shield made of energy is not a machine thus this dose not apply. If the ships shields were down then yes, up no