This was driving me crazy, glad I found this thread. Changing to a gmail address worked for me. I'd rather see them dump this style of 2FA and go to something where I could use Authy or Google Authenticator to get a token.
I don't know if it's related, but I'm doing a new install today for STO, walked away and came back, and it's just sitting at 6.6% complete. The progress bar says "patching..." and it's at "Patched 1045.3MB / 15GB". Hitting the Cancel button doesn't seem to do anything. Task manager isn't saying it's not responding. I'm…